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SOCIAL EXCLUSION AND EXPLOITATION IN MULK RAJ ANAND’S UNTOUCHABLE: A SUBALTERN STUDY

Posted by admin on September 7th, 2010

SOCIAL EXCLUSION AND EXPLOITATION IN MULK RAJ ANAND’S UNTOUCHABLE: A SUBALTERN STUDY

By Abnish Singh & Dr Prachi Dixit

 

‘The greatest national sin is the neglect of the masses and that is one of the causes of our downfall.’1

Thus spoke Swami Vivekananda about the unavoidable role of the masses in building a strong and united nation, concomitantly if they are neglected, no nation can flourish for the long run. This is what seen in India not only at the time of Swami Vivekananda (1863-1902) but onwards too, and writers like Mulk Raj Anand (1905-2004) made it out and, therefore, stood to address a complex problem in the form of untouchability rampant in the Hindu society. In his realistic portrayal of the novel ‘Untouchable’ (1935), Anand is concerned with the sufferings of the masses i.e. Shudra- sweepers and his wish to bring about social happiness in their lives and to register his protest against the evil in the social system of Hindus as well. As Anand himself accepts:

From that time onwards my protest about the human predicament, under the empire and in the atmosphere of our own decay, often resulting from blind acceptance of bad habits and the taboos of the sage Manu and the Hadith tradition of Islam, became self-conscious…..In this way, I sensed the pain of life, which the more privileged took out of the weaker members of the flock.2

Though the novelist communicates about a particular community in the novel- subaltern Hindus, it is also implied to the rest of the world, where caste-based, class-based, racial and economic discrimination prevails. His awareness of social exclusion and exploitation of the lower dregs of the society reflect his wish for excluders and exploitators to mend their inhuman ways and to change their social behaviour. For that he uses fiction as a tool, as it is “not only a representation of social reality, but also a necessary functional part of social control, and also, paradoxically, an important element in social change.”3 To pursue these notions of the novelist the paper proceeds to map out the social structure and economic conditions of the lower caste Hindus and causes of their social exclusion and exploitation of the subaltern as depicted in ‘Untouchable’.

Since the paper is concerned with the study of the subaltern it is not out of place to see the term. Wikipedia website defines ‘subaltern’ thus, “Originally a term for subordinates in military hierarchies…the subaltern is denied access to both mimetic and political forms of representation.” While some thinkers use it in a general sense “to refer to marginalized groups and the lower classes- a person rendered without agency by his or her social status.”4 Therefore, in our study social exclusion and exploitation of the subaltern takes its roots in the depiction of caste-system among Hindus in the novel. The caste-system came into existence in the Vedic era. The Vedic literature explores the division of Hindu society into four castes according to their ‘Karma’- Brahmana (priests, teachers, spiritual masters, counselors), Kshatriya (kings, warriors), Vaishya (tradesmen) and Shudra (craftsmen, labourers, slaves). This four fold system places Brahmana at the top, while Shudra in the bottom in social order. This fourth caste is again divided in several sub-castes. Among them is sweeper, the lowest one. This sub-division of Shudra prevents them from being united and therefore they are socially expelled and exploited. Here one can sense the policy of divide and rule in its visible mark. Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar also puts it thus, “Caste system is… the division of labourers (which) prevents them from being united and makes them exploitable.”5 Sweepers whom even other sub-casts of Shudra consider lower than themselves have been excluded and exploited more than them for centuries. They are considered untouchables and compelled to dwell in the outskirts of the rest of Hindu dwellings. Anand was deeply moved by this social discrimination and ill-treatment with sweepers and it made him write for the love for life and the welfare of all and sundry. And that is the purpose of his writing fiction. Anand says:

The novel is for world’s continuance. It is urged by the wish to express oneself in uneasy syntax, in dim perspectives and from vague feelings of those who seek to break the shackles of serfdom. It is inspired by the urge for many freedoms, baulked by the demons of power. It is against the insults, injuries, deceits, lies, hypocrisies, the mortifications and murders, brought by men become monsters and for the celebrations of the simple pleasures of the miracle that is life… which we have often exalted and frequently degraded.6

Since, Shudra are labourers, craftsmen and servants (as considered in caste-system), they are the real builder of the society of the nation. They are potential contributors to the development and growth of the nation. And yet they are neglected, dissociated from the main stream of social system? They have been subjugated for centuries and, therefore, they are poor, landless and meek. They have no better choice for their careers. This is the reason that people like Bakha, a son of Lakha who is the jamadar of the sweepers of the town are bound to go for their ancestral work. Bakha is eighteen years of age. He has a masculine personality. He is dexterous workman and what he does- he cleans latrines and sweeps the roads. Work is worship for him. “He went forwarded with eager step from job to job, a marvel of movement dancing through his work. Work was a sort of intoxication which gave him glowing health and plenty of easy sleeps (p.19).”

Bakha is a staunch follower of principles in his life. His great devotion to his duty- a dirty work- is the example of it. He has other skills too. “He was a champion of all kinds of games and would have beaten hollow at Khuti (p.40).” This clearly reveals that he has not only physical capacity but also mental ability to play other jobs too. In modern terms, career making demands skills, willingness and devotion to work and all these traits are also essential for the job of sport. Bakha has these traits in him. In this way, he is no less than a sport hero in the modern context. Despite of that he is unrecognized, unsympathised and unloved. Rather, he is humiliated and hurt several times. Simply because he is poor, lives in a one-room house, has no other property and belongs to the lower dregs. His hard work pays nothing to him more than some pieces of bread and clothes. This is his economic and social exploitation.

The fact is that sweepers are forced to dwell away from the village at the time of Anand’s this enterprise as well as after the independence too. Their social exclusion is a matter of great concern. They are forbidden to take water from the well themselves as there mere touch pollutes it. This imposed rule by the caste-Hindu make sweepers stand away from the well and the so-called upper caste men pour water into their pots when they have leisure and wish to do so. Sohini, Bakha’s beautiful sister undergoes to the same process: “She… went to… the steps of the caste-well where she counted on the chance of some gentleman taking pity on her and giving her the water she needed (p.24).” The irony is that when she goes to clean the courtyard of Kalinath, the lanky priest, he tries to get erotic pleasures from this untouchable girl even in the temple premises. She revolts against him, it’s her moral virtue. At this, he scolds and accuses her of polluting his holy place. What a drama played by this so-called holy man! Is this not a part of social exploitation? Is this not a religious hypocrisy? To satisfy his physical hunger, this priest takes advantage of the lower social position of this girl and she is helpless. Her brother Bakha is also helpless to express his open resentment of the wound and insult inflicted to his sister, to his own self and to his caste too.

Bakha speaks out his bitter experiences of his lower status to his father, but his father does not react. His father seems to accept the social law of Hindus, though he is unhappy about it. This is their conventional practice and psychological bearings. Their younghood opposes but their old age yields before this system. Moreover, Lakha’s thanks to a local doctor, Bhagwan Das for curing his serous disease, the kindly treatment of unnamed woman of upper caste when she calls Bakha as child and gives him some pieces of practical advice too, and soft and helping nature of Haveldar Charat Singh leave the impression of humanity on the mind of the readers, which is the hope for the change in the society to abolish its evils. Here Anand seems to advocate the feelings of fraternity, sympathy and cooperation based on humanistic vision. But he also knows that this feeling can grow only when the downtrodden are given equal opportunity for growth, social equality and freedom. This process can relieve this degraded society.

Bakha is self-satisfied fellow. He finds out joys even in small things. He becomes happy on getting a pair of old breaches from Tommy and a pair of old boots from a soldier of the cantonment. He can forget his pains, for the time being, in the company of his friends- Ram Charan and Chota who also belong to the lower caste on occasions like eating sugar-plums at a marriage. He has sympathy and love for those who are fallen; he helps an upper caste little boy who falls down during a quarrel among the hockey players, and in return he is scolded and insulted by the mother of that boy for polluting her son. Despite of that he is not violent. He is a lover of Ahimsa, of mankind as a whole. On returning home, Bakha is again rebuked by his father for wasting the afternoon and driven out from the house. What a misery with him! He is ill-treated not only by the outsiders but by the insiders too. Howsoever, he is humble; he has no desire to harm others. The only wish Bakha harbours is to end his sufferings. For that he does not want to get converted into a Christian to end his caste. He aspires for some other solution. This is the time when he gets an opportunity to attend a meeting addressed by Mahatma Gandhi who appears as a character towards the end of the novel. Mahatma expresses his views on the evil of untouchability and longs for a casteless Hindu society:

A scavenger named Uka, an untouchable, used to attend our house for cleaning the latrines. Often I would ask my mother why it was wrong to touch him, and why I was forbidden to do…. I told my mother that she was entirely wrong in considering physical contact with Uka as sinful; it could not be sinful (p.161).

Mahatma Gandhi again pleads for them: “All public wells, temple roads, school, sanitariums must be declared open to these untouchables (p.164).” Bakha is impressed by this ideology of Mahatma Gandhi, the mouthpiece of Anand. He comes home thinking about the alternative as suggested by Mahatma Gandhi- the use of the machine- flush system for cleaning latrines. And the novel ends with this message.

The novel could and should include the excluded and the exploited. This was surprisingly but courageously attempted in ‘Untouchable’ at the time when people feared to say such things against the social structure of Hindus. Therefore, the canvas of this novel has become the refuse of or the platform for such people i.e. sweepers who are still longing to be recognized and melted in the main stream of Hindu society. After the independence, some of these people have done much outstanding historical works in different vistas of life and science through their constant efforts in the fields of education, material prosperity and politics.

It is also apparent that there are many high caste Hindus who have lost their awareness of the caste-issue and there are a number of people who have forgotten their lower caste feelings. All of them are enjoying notion of equality and freedom and consider themselves as the members of great Indian Society. This change in social system is brought about by open-minded and liberal-hearted authors and thinkers as well as conscious citizen of India. And Anand is among them.

Moreover, in our constitution scheduled caste and scheduled tribes are citizens and equal to the backward or the high caste, but in practice this was not and is not the thing even to the present day. In practice, in the rural areas equality is found nowhere, however in urban region it is seen with unwelcomed notes. Social discrimination still hinges this way or that way and, therefore, social exclusion and exploitation of the subaltern is all pervasive, though their form and proportion might be different from the cases of pre-independence era. K.R. Shrinivas Iyenger also confirms this, ” …the problem-with blunted edges, perhaps, and also with some relieving features here and there- still defies a firm and final solution!.”7 Despite of that Anand’s ‘Untouchable’ should be considered as stepping stone to change so that the subaltern could be included in the established structure of social, economic and political representation, what Anand dreamt for our strong, united, prosperous and peaceful nation.

 

  

REFERENCES

[0]. Mulk Raj Anand, Untouchable, New Delhi: Orient Paperbacks, 1970.

[1].Complete Works of Swami Vivekananda, Mayawati Memorial Edition, Calcutta: Advait Ashram, Vol. VIII, 1999, pp. 327-28.

[2]. Mulk Raj Anand, “The sources of protest in my novels” in The Indian Novel with a Social Purpose ed. by K. Venkata Reddy, New Delhi: Atlantic Publishers and Distributors, 1999, pp.20-21.

[3].John Rockwell, Fact in Fiction: The Use of Literature in the Systematic Study of Society, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1974, p.4.

[4] en.wikipidia. org/wiki/subaltern (post-colonialism).

[5]. Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar, Writings and Speeches, Bombay: Government of Maharastra, 1987, p.148.

[6] Mulk Raj Anand, “The Sources of Protest in my Novels”, op. cit., p.29

[7]. K.R.S. Iyenger, Indian Writing in English, New Delhi: Sterling Publishers, 1984, p.338.

1. Abnish Singh Chauhan is a Lecture, Deptt of English, Teerthanker Mahaveer University, Moradabad, U.P., India.

2. Dr. Prachi Dixit is Professor and HOD- Dept. of English,  MSD Girls’ College, Devi Ahilya Vishvavidyalaya, Indore, M.P., India.                    

 

 

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The Benefits of Swimming Lessons For Toddlers

Posted by admin on September 7th, 2010

Understanding that there is never too early an age for people to start their children of on swimming lessons is the first step for parents. The benefits of swimming lessons for toddlers are very well documented and cover areas of the physical and the psychological. This is why swimming lessons have been encourages by child psychologist as well as those in the health industry because of the patterns of behaviour that the activity creates from an early age.

When we are discussing about the developmental stages of a child, one has to understand that at an age that forms the start of when they begin to perceive and learn things from both their primary caregivers as well as experiential, it is important that guidance and the proper things are administered into their ready and waiting minds. One of the early benefits of swimming when talking about toddlers is very psychological because it represents an entry into very familiar grounds, which is of course representative of the submerged womb that they were in for a period for a few months. Not only do they get introduced into a familiar setting, they are performing this activity with their loved ones, their parents and their siblings and this strengthens the bond of love that they have with them.

Swimming is a great way to bond with your toddler and to keep them happy and there is another psychological benefit to this. By introducing them to swimming from an early age, you will eliminate with much success any possibility they would have to develop a fear of the water which would be a social impediment to whatever their young lives would bring about. The phobia of water that starts from an early age usually happens when toddlers come into contact with water and associate bad feelings or even a traumatic event to water, and this power subliminal association gets imprinted within their mind all the way to adulthood. When this happens, it is quite difficult to get them away form this fear and enjoy the water. Of course, the obvious benefits of knowing how to swim will then make them more socially accepted and give them the change to enjoy the benefit of the water.

It has been noted that the meditative effects of water, when introduced at an early age, makes these children more relaxed and less prone to panic attacks. Also, we cannot deny the physical benefits of swimming, which is a great cardio vascular work out as well as one that develops the upper and lower body at amazing paces. Once this becomes a habit, then children will bring this with them to adult hood, which mean that they will exercise quite regularly and maintain a healthy and balanced lifestyle. So, as you can see, the benefits of swimming are quite extensive and there is no argument against something as natural and something as beneficial as swimming. So do not wait much longer and if you do have a toddler, sign them up for swimming as fast as you can.

Everyone should learn how to swim. Take up Swimming Classes in Singapore with Maxswim. Their swim instructors are all certified and experienced. Visit their website at http://www.maxswim.com

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Pretty Woman, Yeah, Yeah, Yeah

Posted by admin on September 7th, 2010

The legendary Roy Orbison knew what he was doing when he wrote those famous lyrics. Why? Because the latest research shows that saying or thinking “yeah, yeah, yeah” is about as brainy as a man can get when he comes face to face with a beautiful woman.

If I remember correctly, it starts in grade school. Boys get ga-ga over girls and start performing stupid tricks in their presence. Not so when they’re hanging out with a pack of their own. Unless they’re dared to, of course. But that’s different.

Scott Barry Kaufman relates this experience in the May 18, 2009 issue of Psychology Today: “I remember a time I was chatting with a woman I was very interested in. My heart was racing, I was sweating profusely, and the room was spinning uncontrollably. Suddenly a group of friends came over and asked me to introduce them to the girl I was talking to. With all eyes on me, I remember turning to look at my best friends in the entire world and realizing, much to my horror and embarrassment, that I couldn’t remember any of their names!”(1)

Sound all too familiar?

It’s Nature, Not a Phenomenom

At last, what we’ve all experienced, is confirmed by research. A new study, published in the Journal of Experimental Social Psychology in July 2009 is entitled “Interacting with women can impair men’s cognitive functioning”.

That pretty much hits the nail on the head, doesn’t it?

Two experiments were conducted as part of the study and the first one was this: 40 male, heterosexual undergrads were given a memory test, called the 2-back test, both before and after a 7 minute chat with a male or female tester. The test involved identifying a stream of letters as quickly as possible. Those who chatted with a male tester showed no decrease in performance on the second test.

However, those study participants who chatted with a female for 7 minutes all showed marked deterioration in performance afterwards. Moreover, the decline was reduced in proportion to how attractive they perceived the female to be. The prettier she was, the worse they did. And it didn’t matter if the participants were single or in a relationship – results were the same.(2)

What About The Chicks?

I’m glad you asked. In a second experiment, female students were tested as well. A more demanding task, known as the Simon task, where a word is identified by color, was given before and after the participant chatted with either a male or female tester.

Once again, men slowed down significantly on the second test after chatting with a female. Especially those who wanted to make a good impression. And here’s the kicker – the females tested just as well the second time, regardless if they had chatted with a man or a woman.(3)

Additional Research

Other studies have pointed to these current results. A publication called The Proceedings of the Royal Society B reported on this experiment in their April 2006 issue: researchers at the University of Leuven, Belgium, gave 176 heterosexual male student volunteers financial games to test their fair play. First, half of the men were shown pictures of attractive women or lingerie while half were shown pictures of landscapes or elderly women.

Then the men were paired up to play a financial game where one would be made an unfair offer. Those who had been exposed to the sexual cues beforehand were much more likely to accept the unfair offer. Dr Siegfried DeWitte, one of the researchers, commented, “We like to think we are all rational beings, but our research suggests…that people…are very vulnerable to sexual cues.”(4)

In September 2009, the same publication reported on a study concluding that just meeting pretty women makes men feel good. Researchers at the University of California tested 149 male students by having them interact with either a male or female for 5 minutes. The participants then rinsed their mouths with mouthwash and provided a saliva sample.

It was found that those who talked with a woman they found attractive had a 14% rise in testosterone levels and a 48% rise in the anti-stress hormone cortisol. In contrast, those who chatted with a man had a 2% drop in testosterone and a 7% drop in cortisol.(5)

So, guys, we all know that pretty women are a joy to behold, but now we know why. The temporary boost in testosterone and cortisol generates feelings of alertness and well-being. Just be careful – you don’t want that Pretty Woman to have the effect of the Devil With The Blue Dress On because your judgment is a bit off. Leave those scenarios to the rock songs!

Do remember to consult your doctor before making any changes to your diet, exercise or supplement regimen.

Source:

Kaufman, SB, “Can opposite sex interactions cause a decline in cognitive performance?”, Psychology Today, May 18, 2009
“Gentlemen, caution: interacting with a lady could impair your cognitive faculties”, Research Digest, The British Psychological Society, Aug 5, 2009
“Gentlemen, caution: interacting with a lady could impair your cognitive faculties”, Research Digest, The British Psychological Society, Aug 5, 2009
“Sex cues ruin men’s decisiveness”, BBC News, April 19, 2006
Alleyne, R, “Meeting pretty women makes men feel good”, Telegraph.co.uk, Sep 30, 2009

Dr. Blankstein has been practicing for over 30 years as a leading Cardiologist. Trained in traditional medicine and Board Certified in both Internal Medicine and Cardiovascular Disease, he knows the importance of good medical care. This consideration has allowed him to discover safe and natural ways of healing. His dedication to bringing the latest and best in health solutions to his patients and the public has given him the experience to research and develop proven natural remedies for many illnesses.

© 2009 Chesapeake Nutraceuticals

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The Investment in Self-Help Industry Exposed part 2

Posted by admin on September 7th, 2010

Viability of the Market The self-help industry is an expanding sector growing fast as the speed of light. According to Hallie Mummert, Editorial Director of Inside Direct Mail, this Market is projected to grow 11.4 percent yearly over the next decade. Americans spend $693 million on self-help books each year. Amazon.com lists 90,000 products in the self-help category. There are 9,210 self-help mailings in the Who’s Mailing What! Archive. Learn how to motivate the self-help market for personal and financial success. The questions that I have already addressed   ·        Can it be a franchise? ·        What is the target market? ·        How do you reach that market? ·        What is the proposition for those people? ·        How would your offering differ? ·        Why would anyone want to use  N.V.LS.E? ·        What is the income stream?

Product Description & Entrepreneurial Authorship

My books entitled

The Spiritual Psychology of the Science of Money-phology

Win Investing Intuition

The Two Psychological Tools Which Drives Human Behaviour

The Psychology of Rapid Self-Employment Achievement Plan
The Rapid Dream Goal Achievement System

These books require editing, design, and marketing. These books are composed in a way to facilitate and accelerate learning and thinking, these Freedom Education Books are not only inspired by my first hand experience, but also by the latest research in neuropsychology of achievement.

These Freedom Education Books are written in simple readable layman language, with the few exception of some minor scientific and philosophical terminologies to stimulate and accelerate learning.

These books can convert into profitable materials such as

Cds
Audios
Mini Book Series
Ebooks
Mini Lectures
Workshops

The Benefits to Readers and areas of transformation

Enhanced Performance,

Greater Productivity,

Increased levels of harmony

Rapid result

How to Unleash True Genius Within

Master a Magnificent Memory

Vocabulary Genius!

Ultimate Creative Mindset

Total Learning

The Zone: Peak Performance

Laser-Sharp Focus

De-clutter Your Brain

The Exam Success Kit

Increase Your IQ

Whole Brain Thinking

Brush Fear of Failure Aside!

Write a GREAT Novel NOW

Write a GREAT Screenplay, NOW!

Overcome Interview Anxiety

Overcome depression

Overcome panic disorder

Overcome ADD

Overcome anger

How to resuscitate a dying marriage

How to attract your dream sweet heart

How to make a gay relationship work

Improve Your Visualization Skills

Young Persons Guide to Excellent Schooling

Team Effectiveness & Fostering Empowerment

Financial Payback.

Why Do we Think Ziziworld products are Unique to the Current Success Books?

Research shows that most people who attend Home Bases Business or success seminars relapse into their old habits of failure, and become more depressed. As a teacher,  he observed how those success or business seminars lack the teaching methodology, hisfirst hand experience and philosophical temperament.

This led him to create learning materials that stretch the learning period in a coherent way to ensure learning is taking place as opposed to the current ‘two days’ success seminars,

Educational psychologists will tell you that the following barriers to success are due to the following

inadequate instruction
insufficient exposure and practice
Deficient word recognition skills
Deficient memory capacity and functioning
significant language deficiencies
inadequate comprehension monitoring and self-evaluation
Unfamiliarity with the seven intelligences of individuals, text features and task demands, Unfamiliarity with philosophical, and neuropsychology
Undeveloped strategies.
Insufficient time for learning

The objective of Andre Zizi Freedom Education Program for Empowerment and Enrichment is not to cover certain set topics but to facilitate, accelerate learning and thinking. In considering the subject objectives

1) To remember general goals such as how to think your way to success, being willing to explore ideas contrary to ones own beliefs, knowing which data or information are relevant and how to find the information to support your desired outcome, and how to use your instinct all the way to success ‘ The Conative Power of The Mind’

for example: Getting into self employment at the young age or at the age 40+) career change, business partnership, overcoming illnesses, to name a few, such as

Overcoming procrastination the rapid way, the neuroscience way
Overcoming depression,
Overcoming panic disorder,
Overcoming anger,
Overcoming illiteracy,
overcoming suicide
Overcoming Attention Deficit Disorder,

Is this science fiction or science fact?

The program is designed to obliterate False Evidence Appearing Real.

The notable psychologist Carl Jung calls this the’ universal consciousness’

The world famous biologist, Rupert Sheldrake, is well known for his theory of morphic fields and

morphic resonance, which leads to a vision of a living, developing universe with its own inherent memory. He first worked in developmental biology at Cambridge University, calls the power of remote reviewing and telepathy the ‘Morphogenetic field’ imagine harnessing your enigmatic brain to communicate directly with other minds to create a win-win situations.

According to statistics and research 97% of world populations sow the wrong seed, so that now they are reaping the wrong harvest. I am not pointing fingers to anyone in particular, I am a classical example, a former victim of the prisoners of beliefs

N.V.L.S.E does not only develop individuals to become their full potential and achieve their dream goals, imagine you want

Starting a profitable business
Starting a loving family
Writing a book
Running a marathon
Spending 2 years abroad
Earning your first one million pounds
Recovering from a life-threatening illness like I did!
Resurrect a dying marriage, and hopeless relationship.
Or it can be used to modify a child’s behaviour.
Gets you the Job you dream about.
Attract your dream partner.
Speed up  recovery
Start your own business
Businesses who apply Neuro Visual & Linguistic Syntax Encoding have reported fast improvement in sales. If you consider two businesses driven by competition, and aiming at superior market share, the one that apply the techniques of N.V.L.S.E will forge ahead.
How to Live Longer and disease free . . . There about 405 symptoms with which we can create products to market online and offline

The program covers the following, (but not limited to the list)

• future memory implant’
• How to Create your vision
• How to Prepare to plan
• cognitive systems
• How to Lay the linguistic seed of success
• Putting it altogether
• Vision management and more!

The Program of self-help coaching system is researched at the neuroscience of achievement Lab
1. symbolic learning theory
2. psycho neuromuscular theory
3. Bio informational theory
4. Dual coding theory

Who Must enrol  or purchase Empowerment CDs book or self-help coaching system For This Future Educational Program

future clients, from NHS, Learning centres, Sport centres, Sport organizations, and corporate companies
• Entrepreneurs & Business Owners
• Managers & Business Consultants
• Sales Professionals & Sales Managers
• Athletes
• Teachers, Trainers & Speakers, mentors & coaches
• Business leaders who want to create a catalyst for transforming the culture of their organization.
• People with ambition who want to get a promotion or simply enjoy their work a whole lot more
• Sports men and women seeking to breakthrough barriers to success, excel, and win in their chosen field of expertise.
• Individuals with learning difficulties, e.g. illiteracy, semi illiterate,
• Offenders, and Ex offenders
• People suffering from mental or physical ailments,
• Individuals with varied disabilities
• Athletes trainees
• Musicians
• Wannabe pop stars
• Writers
• Film makers
• Artists and many more . . .

In general The N.V.LS.E. IS definitely for those who

Have a dream to pursue

The vision to plan

The courage to run

The expectation to perfect

The Perseverance to win

Part 3 follows shortly

Self-help industry is a 64 BILLION dollars. Investment opportunities need no introduction to invesmtnet strategies, or  investment for dummies, but investment ideas to make profit and retire young is a smart move, if you intuitively decide to invest in Andre ZIZI, who can be reached on 07999 579 135 Andre.

you can watch his videos here www.youtube.com/user/andrezizi

Andre Zizi is a philosopher, qualified teacher, NLP facilitator, trained in the educational psychology. His specialty is in the area of mental toughness and emotional mastery, stress, the psychology and process of business start ups, relationship conflict, how to prevent or overcome an illness and or how to achieve dream goals.

Andre Zizi is the Founder and Director of ZiziWorld LTd and YourDreamComesTrue LTD

ZiziWorld MindGym and coaching is the first of its kind in the world

Skype ID is: Andre-Zizi

Andre Zizi is the Founder and Director of ZiziWorld LTd and YourDreamComesTrue LTD

ZiziWorld MindGym and coaching is the first of its kind in the world

Skype ID is: Andre-Zizi

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=740CTwVkxi0

http://www.ziziworld.com

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The Psychology of Open-Mindedness

Posted by admin on September 7th, 2010

Is Open-Mindedness Prevalent?

Almost anybody you can ask has their opinion about everything. Their opinion may be true, untrue, proven or in doubt. It might be personal, conditioned by family upbringing, determined by situations, social background, culture, religion, or politics. But the fact remains that everybody has already made-up their minds about most of the things in life. These opinions are our schemas. For the purpose of simplicity, schemas can be described in the context of this article as a framework of interpretations of anything. In other words, everybody have their own framework of interpretations. If everybody have their own framework of interpretations, then open-mindedness is definitely not prevalent.

What is open-mindedness?

Open-mindedness can be described as a process of setting-aside one’s framework of interpretations and examining another person’s framework of interpretations on its own merit without the interference or imposing one’s personal framework of interpretations. And if the framework of interpretations of the other person is found to be more accurate and effective, then logically the other person’s framework of interpretations should be adopted or accepted. Or if both frameworks of interpretations have equally good points, then a new combined compilation can be utilized. Why is this necessary?

1. Open-mindedness is necessary for critical thinking. Imagine if you were a chief aeroplane designer and you work is critical, as the lives of countless passengers are dependent on your design being accurate in terms of safety. If a colleague through his framework of interpretations proofs that your design has a flaw, will you be open-minded to examine the feedback or will you exercise your rank and authority to reject the feedback because it goes against your ego? I wouldn’t want to fly on a plane designed by a close-minded designer whose ego gets in the way of critical thinking.

2. Open-mindedness is necessary for new learning and new information. I know of university lecturers who stick to their favorite authors and just update occasionally the versions which they use as a reference for their lectures. The result of such practice leads to a limited perspective of learning and exposure to new information both for the lecturers and also their students. Another result is the lecturers become dogmatic about their perspectives of a respective subject due to conditioned ignorance through lack of new learning and information. This practice is one form of academic close-mindedness. Why do they do it? You should ask them the next time a lecturer insists on sticking to his favorite author. You will be surprised at the rationalizations that lecturers can come with; to stick to their limited framework of interpretations of the subjects they are called to teach. I would suggest that any graduate student who wants to excel academically and have a more comprehensive understanding of a subject matter do more diverse readings other then the favorite text recommended by their lecturers.

3. Open-mindedness is necessary for being creative. Creativeness is basically the process of using original thinking to come-up with innovative conceptions for development of new (non-existent) products or services and also for resolving existing problems with existing products and services. Now, creativeness cannot be employed without being open-minded. An example would be, you are called to innovate a new medium of storage for computers. What would you do? Will you start by isolating yourself from other experts on the subject, rejecting all current information or will you work with related people of the industry as a team, utilizing critical thinking, existing information and seeking new information to expedite creativity. Creative people tend to be open-minded and would always examine the past, present and future of any information for the purpose of innovation.

4. Open-mindedness is necessary for holistic growth. What would happen if an adult is conditioned from childhood to have a mono-framework of interpretation about life and everything in life? Would you like to have that person as your marriage partner? Would you like to have that person as your university roommate? Would you elect that person as you Member of Parliament? Would you trust your life or the lives of your family into that person’s hand? Just like a plant that needs a variety of resources for healthy growth, open-mindedness is one of the core psychological processes that need to be developed for a holistic growth for a balance, stable and matured individual. Many personality problems can be traced to individuals who have a narrow or limited framework of interpretations that shows itself in social and vocational situations.

Is Dogmatism a Clue to the Lack of Open-Mindedness?

Some people have a song and it goes like this: “my way or no way…” This song sometimes becomes the trademark of certain organizations and individuals who bask in their past glories while losing grounds to the competitors. Many businesses lose millions of dollars in profit in sacrifice to maintaining iconic leaders whose dogmatism is considered sacred. Dogmatism is one of the causes for failure in many negotiations whether private or public. Dogmatism is also the cause for a lot of conflicts and violence in our current world. Dogmatism is the trademark of the bullies in schools or working places; control-freaks in organizations; individuals with despotic behaviors and manipulative individuals. Dogmatism leads to fanaticism. One cannot be dogmatic and open-minded at the same time. One cannot examine another framework of interpretation without biasness while dogmatically holding on to one’s own framework of interpretation.

What open-mindedness is not?

Dogmatism is counterproductive to open-mindedness. But at the same time, open-mindedness is not to be construed wrongly. The following are what open-mindedness is not:

1. Open-mindedness is not being stupid or in-opinionated. People who are open-minded can be very intelligent and can have clear and strong opinions. The difference is in how they exercise, regulate, assess, present, and are willing to adjust or forego their opinions according to the principles and process of open-mindedness.

2. Open-mindedness is not being a spineless jellyfish that is swept by the waves of opinions. It is wrong to assume that open-minded persons are gullible fools who can be tricked or manipulated by fanciful opinions that have no substance or credibility. Open-minded persons first attempt to understand the details of the framework of interpretations of others on its own merits. Then, they assess and compare their framework of interpretations against the others.’ Their decision to adopt or reject either or both of the frameworks of interpretations would be based on the principles of effectiveness and optimum benefit for all parties involved.

3. Open-mindedness is not a product of emotional decision making. Open-mindedness is rational, factual, critical, and inquisitive and includes the principles of cost and benefit for all parties. It will not be swayed by partisan spirit, gossip, rumor or greediness. It will reject all forms of one-sidedness but seek for benefit of all parties concern.

4. Open-mindedness is not to be used for the violation of any form of legitimate rights, laws or natural justice. People who are open-minded will not allow themselves to be pawns for the violation of any legitimate rights, laws or the natural justice principles of other people. At the same time, open-minded persons will not allow others to exploit them. For example, if a person willingly gives up his/her personal rights for the benefit of others, it is his/her choice to act in charity for another’s benefit. But open-mindedness cannot be used as an excuse to force others to give-up or violate their personal rights. Many non-profit and voluntary groups have a tendency to violate the rights of their staff on the presumption that their staff has to be open-minded when working in a charitable context. This presumptions and violations of staff rights is not open-mindedness but in many instances exploitations. The principle is clear; anything taken or required from another beyond the limits of responsibility and the call of duty, without spontaneous voluntary consent is violation of another’s rights.

How to practice Open-Mindedness?

Can the process of open-mindedness be inculcated in a deliberate and conscious manner? The answer is yes. Here is how it can be done:

1. We must first admit that we all have our personal framework of interpretations for everything. When we put-on a show that we are selfless persons with no personal framework of interpretations, we deceive ourselves first and then others. Can you find one human being who is totally selfless and open-minded? Even demigods in mythologies are described as having an ego and personal framework of interpretations. I am especially careful of persons who trumpet the selflessness and open-mindedness. Selflessness and open-mindedness can be experienced without the need for promotion and marketing. What is needed is the practice and not the proclamations.

2. We must understand that having a personal framework of interpretations is not wrong. There is no call to be an in-opinionated person. Rather it is the misuse of the personal framework of interpretations at the expense of effectiveness, productivity and the disregard of other people’s useful framework of interpretations that creates problems.

3. We must habitually set-aside our framework of interpretation while we examine the framework of interpretations of others in order to avoid prejudice and biasness. When I say set-aside, I mean that we should attempt to totally focus and view the framework of interpretation that is being presented to us without thinking of ours.

4. We must habitually adopt or accept either partially or wholly another person’s framework of interpretations when it is equal to or better than ours. We should adopt or accept another person’s framework of interpretations wholly if it is better than ours. We should combine our and the other person’s framework of interpretations if is equally good.

5. We must habitually learn to ask for a third party’s assessment of our and another person’s framework of interpretations. In doing so, we must seek the assistance of third parties that are not representative or has a conflict of interest with either of us.

6. We must habitually and proactively seek new knowledge, information and learning. This would create the conditioning to be open-minded in our approach to life and everything about life and work. In short, we must always seek another framework of interpretations as an alternative perspective.

7. We must be alert that in seeking open-mindedness, we do not violate the rights of others. Violation of other peoples’ rights does not constitute open-mindedness. Even when we perceive that another person’s framework of interpretation is not right, we can negotiate and establish a dialogue for arriving on a mutual agreement on the differences. We cannot impose our framework of interpretations by manipulation, force or duress. Where we can agree, we agree and where we cannot agree, we must respect the other person’s framework of interpretation.

8. We must habitually practice to respect personalities in the event of a difference with their framework of interpretations. Having a different framework of interpretations from ours does not make others our enemies. It is only a clue that there is an opportunity for dialogue, interaction and possible learning.

What we need in our families, work places, study places, society, and in the global village is open-mindedness. The more open-minded we become, the more human we will become in our decision and behaviors. The more human we become, the more we will appreciate and treasure the humanity of all persons in our global village. If there is a way to save ourselves from destroying each other, we should begin the journey for healing and caring through the process of open-mindness. We already have established enough reasons, symbols, myth and rationalizations to differ from each other. We should focus not on our differences which as humans we will always have but rather we should focus on our similarities that can draw us together. And similarities can only be perceived by minds that are open-minded.

Th. Dip (MTBI); Th. B (BTS); MSCP (summa cum laude);

Winner of Rector’s Award (AU)

Contact Email: nthesigan@hotmail.com

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Why Don’t I Feel Better? The Truth About Positive Affirmations and Self-Help Books

Posted by admin on September 7th, 2010

 

“I am successful,” “I am a wonderful person,” “I will find love again,” and many other similar phrases that students, the broken-hearted and unfulfilled employees may repeat to themselves over and over again, hoping to change their lives. Self-help books through the ages, from Norman Vincent Peale’s The Power of Positive Thinking all the way to the latest, The Secret, have encouraged people with low self-esteem to make positive self-statements or affirmations.

New research suggests it may do more harm than good to many people.

Canadian researcher, Dr. Joanne Wood at the University of Waterloo and her colleagues at the University of New Brunswick who have recently published their research in the Journal of Psychological Science, concluded “repeating positive self-statements may benefit certain people, such as individuals with high self-esteem, but backfire for the very people who need them the most.”

The researchers asked people with and low self-esteem to say “I am a lovable person.” They then measured the participants’ moods and their feelings about themselves. The low-esteem group felt worse afterwards compared with others who did not. However, people with high self-esteem felt better after repeating the positive affirmation–but only slightly. The psychologists then asked the participants to list negative and positive thoughts about themselves. They found, paradoxically, those with low self-esteem were in a better mood when they were allowed to have negative thoughts than when they were asked to focus exclusively on affirmative thoughts.

The researchers suggest that, like overly positive praise, unreasonably positive self-statements, such as “I accept myself completely” can provoke contradictory thoughts in individuals in individuals with low self-esteem. When positive self-statements strong conflict with self-perception, the researchers argue, there is not mere resistance but a reinforcing of self-perception. People who view themselves as unlovable, for example, find that saying that are so unbelievable that it strengthens their own negative view rather than reversing it.

These findings were supported by previous research published in 1994 in the Journal of Social Psychology, showing that when people get feedback that they believe is overly positive, they actually feel worse, not better.

Dr. Wood goes even further. In her Psychology Today blog, she says that most self-help books advocating positive affirmations may be based on good intentions or personal experience, but they are rarely based on even one iota of scientific evidence. She cites psychologist Sonja Lyubomirsky’s The How of Happiness as an exception.

Does that mean positive affirmations are of absolutely no value. Not according to Dr. Wood and her co-researchers. They say they positive affirmations can help when they are part of a broader program of intervention. That intervention can take place in a number of forms such as cognitive psychotherapy or working with a coach who has expertise in the behavioral sciences.
What kind of intervention is best to use to make positive affirmations most effective?

That’s where we encounter even more controversy.

Traditional cognitive psychotherapy may not be the best intervention according to Dr. Steven Hayes, a renowned psychotherapist, and author of Getting Out of Your Mind and Into Your Life. Hayes has been setting the world of psychotherapy on its ear by advocating a totally different approach.

In an article in Time magazine, John Cloud describes Hayes’ work. Hayes and researchers Marsha Linehan and Robert Kohlenberg at the University of Washington, and Zindel Segal at the University of Toronto, what we could call “Third Wave Psychologists” are focusing less on how to manipulate the content of our thoughts (a focus on cognitive psychotherapy) and more on how to change their context–to modify the way we see thoughts and feelings so they can’t control our behavior. Whereas cognitive therapists speak of “cognitive errors” and “distorted interpretation,” Hayes and his colleagues encourage mindfulness, the meditation-inspired practice of observing thoughts without getting entangled by them–imagine the thoughts being a leaf or canoe floating down the stream.

These Third Wave Psychologists would argue that trying to correct negative thoughts can paradoxically actually intensify them. As NLP trained coaches would say, telling someone to “not think about a blue tree,” actually focuses their mind on a blue tree. The Third Wave Psychologists methodology is called ACT (Acceptance and Commitment Therapy), which says that we should acknowledge that negative thoughts recur throughout our life and instead of challenging or fighting with them, we should concentrate on identifying and committing to our values in life. Hayes would argue that once we are willing to feel our negative emotions, we’ll find it easier to commit ourselves to what we want in life.

This approach may come as a surprise to many, because the traditional cognitive model permeates our culture and the media as reflected in the Dr. Phil show. The essence of the conflict between traditional cognitive psychologists and psychotherapists is to engage in a process of analyzing your way out your problems, or the Third Wave approach which says, accept that you have negative beliefs, thinking and problems and focus on what you want. Third Wave psychologists acknowledge that we have pain, but rather than trying to push it away, they say trying to push it away or deny it just gives it more energy and strength.

Third Wave Psychologists focus on acceptance and commitment comes with a variety of strategies to help people including such things as writing your epitaph (what’s going to be your legacy), clarifying your values and committing your behavior to them.

It’s interesting that that The Third Wave Psychologists approach comes along at a time when more and more people are looking for answer outside of the traditional medical model (which psychiatry and traditional psychotherapy represent). Just look at a 2002 study in Prevention and Treatment, which found that 80% people tested who took the six most popular antidepressants of the 1990’s got the same results when they took a sugar pill placebo.

The Third Wave Psychologists approaches are very consistent with much of the training and approach that many life coaches receive, inclusive of Neuro-Linguistic Programming (NLP), and many spiritual approaches to behavioral changes reflected in ancient Buddhist teachings and the more modern version exemplified by Eckhart Tolle (The Power of Now). The focus of those approaches reinforces the concepts of acceptance of negative emotions and thoughts, and rather than giving them energy and fighting with them, focus on mindfulness, and a commitment to an alignment of values and behavior.

So what can we learn from all this? Two things–first, just engaging in positive affirmations by themselves, can do harm to people with low self-esteem, and provide only little benefit for those with high-esteem, if those affirmations are not part of a comprehensive program of self-growth, preferably with a knowledgeable professional; and second, the traditional cognitive psychotherapeutic approach at trying to change people’s negative thinking through logical processes may actually be counterproductive, compared to an approach that has people accept their thoughts, not resist them and give more energy to them by thinking about them, but rather engage in positive behaviors and thinking.

On the next post, I’ll be interviewing Stephanie Frank, President of Success IQ University, a Master NLP Coach and Certified Hypnotherapist, who has worked with hundreds of individuals practicing the concepts and ideas in this blog, and achieved huge success with her clients. She’ll tell us how.

 

Ray Williams is Co-Founder of Success IQ University and President of Ray Williams Associates, companies based in Phoenix and Vancouver, providing leadership development, personal growth and executive coaching services and products.

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Sid Roth welcomes Paul Hegstrom

Posted by admin on September 6th, 2010

Sid : howdy Sid Roth here with Paul Hegstrom, and Paul was an abuser in each foul way you can think and finally his wife had had enough, did she have enough or
Paul : No, she did not
Sid : you decided to leave her?

Paul : 15 to twenty-two that was what I faced.
Paul : fully.
Sid : And everything, God made everything turn out glorious to the point at which you started seeing your ex Judy – I am amazed she probably did it.

Sid : And she saw such a difference, but then you used to have talks with her of your research on the brain. Paul : especially the areas of the brain and how
Sid : tell me what the Lord God Almighty was showing you about the brain.
Paul : He was showing me, see I had no background in psychological fitness, and I spent nearly thirty thousand on therapy over the years to get well because I knew something was incorrect but I felt flawed and defective and so I, God actually took me to this area of research in the brain and how we are wired as youngsters, the tapes that occur, the things that happen to us before the age of nine to eleven and the wounds, and there are 5 things that will stop a kid’s development and that’s rejection in the original family, incest, molestation, physical and emotional abuse, and if any one of those occurs or they had, I have worked with individuals that have had three and have 5 of them, and it literally stops the developmental structure of the core character of the child at that point, and in psychological well-being it is named fixation, and they have never learned to restart the maturing process so in
Sid : So they stay a prisoner for the remainder of their life?
Paul : Yes and they develop a pseudo-personality so that the personality I had when Judy and I were wed the first 16 years, folk outside really liked me because I used to be a nice guy, it was actually the guy behind closed doors that might not love, could not understand intimacy, could not manage anger, could not resolve conflict, did not know the easiest way to parent, I meant the list just goes on and on so what’s happening is emotionally I’m a child raising a family, and when my 3 kids got anywhere from nine to thirteen years of age they were more mature than I was and I left, that’s the reason why I walked away. Sid : You spent all that money with the best psychiatry and psychology had to offer and not – zero, not much.

Paul : Yes, because a kid under the age of adolesence is lacking : And that is why Apostle Paul said in his writings,’When I used to be a child I acted, spoke thought and reasoned as a child and when I grew up I put away childish things.’ I understood acting like a kid because I did it for forty years, I accepted chatting like a kid,

About Sid Roth

Sid Roth’s need is for all folk to know Jesus. His God-ordained technique is to go to the Jew first. He has found that platforming God’s miracles is the best method available for reaching Jewish folk with the gospel.
It’s Supernatural! Deals with subjects that most shy away from in this seeker-sensitive age. It emphasizes the mystical viewpoint that the earthly networks do not understand. And at the end of each program, Sid tells the viewers how they can have intimacy with the Lord God.
now the ministry records many shows in advance. Future plans include manufacturing one fine quality TV show per week in front of a studio audience and broadcasting it live. Imagine watching the show and hearing live commentary on Middle East auspicious events as they are happening!
.

Sid Roth’s desire is for all people to know Jesus. His God-ordained strategy is to go to the Jew first. He has found that platforming God’s miracles is the best method available for reaching Jewish people with the gospel. That is why he started It’s Supernatural! television over ten years ago.
It’s Supernatural! deals with subjects that most shy away from in this seeker-sensitive age. It emphasizes the supernatural viewpoint that the secular networks do not understand. And at the end of ea

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Neuro Visual Linguistic Syntax Encoding (N.V.L.S.E) 2012

Posted by admin on September 6th, 2010

How to Coach Yourself All The Way To Success & Save £10.000 ++
The Three Power Tools of the Mind To Achieve Anything is  an advanced Neuro Visual & Linguistic Syntax Encoding that is going to revolutionize the pervasive recognition of the revolutionary psychology of achievement.

Recent research from Vanderbilt University discovered that what we see with our mind’s eye can affect our visual perception. The leading author and associate of the Vanderbilt University department of psychology Joel Pearson discovered, that imagery lead to short-term memory track that gives a preconceived notion of future perception, namely, if you saw a mouse in a corridor, next time, you begin to see a look like mice in a dusty ball or corner. Thus, seeing something affects visual perception, and as he said “might change perception itself”

Joel Pearson says, “This is the first research to definitively show that imagining something changes vision both while you are imagining it and later on.”

Frank Tong, Associate Professor of Psychology says “You might think you need to imagine something 10 times or 100 times before it has an impact. He added “Our results show that even a single instance of imagery can tilt how you see the world one way or another, dramatically, if the conditions are right.” What this really tells us is that scientific evidence proved time and again, that there is an strong overlap, between what we see in the external world, and what we see in our internal world ‘Mental imagery’. Most importantly is that these findings or overlaps between seeing real objects, and imagining these objects, mental imagery have huge impacts on what we see.

Pearson is a member of the Vanderbilt Vision Research Center. Tong is a member of the Vanderbilt Vision Research Center and the Vanderbilt Center for Integrative and Cognitive Neuroscience.

Journal reference: Pearson et al.The Functional Impact of Mental Imagery on Conscious Perception. Current Biology.

Mental Imagery in Philosophy

So, imagery is not some kind of mental fantasy that produces nothing but a dream world, however, imagery is associated with cognitive functions in the area of memory, thought, and perception. Mental imagery has been the central focus in philosophy, psychology, and cognitive science.

The study of mental imagery goes as far back as the classical Greek philosophers. The more notable philosopher is Plato who uses metaphors about man’s inner artist painting the pictures of the soul (Philebus 29a) Plato considered or compared memory with block of wax whereby one’s perceptions and thoughts stamp impressions (theatatus 191 c,d)

Aristotle agreed with Plato, that this wax impression form of memory, and consider it as a kind of picture (De Memoria 450a,b) he came up with the notion of a mental faculty of imagination, related to perception, and with which is the initiator of memory recall (De Anima III.iii).

Here we see that Aristotle giving a systematic cognitive theory, thus giving imagery a new study in cognition. Aristotle says, “The soul never thinks without a mental image” (De Anima 431a 15-20), and ascertain that the representational power of language is a result or by product of imagery, spoken words being the symbols of the inner images (De Interpretatione 16a; De Anima 420b).

In modern science, Aristotle’s mental imagery theory became the study in what is now known as ‘ mental representation’ in cognitive science. There is no disagreement between earlier scientists and the philosophical community about the validity of ‘mental imagery’

17th century cognitive science was hotly debated by the notable Rene Descartes ‘ the clear and distinct ideas’ in his epistemology ( theory of knowledge)

David Hume, the notable Scottish philosopher who identified ideas as ‘images’

The earlier experimental psychology on ‘’imageless thought,” was fervently studied in Germany by Wilhelm Wundt known as “the father of experimental psychology”

Mental imagery in cognitive science

In the 60’s and 70’s saw a revival and intense research on imagery as the driving force for creativity and realization of visions and dreams. And this was an all consuming passion for the cognitive scientists, and whose contribution to the growing scientific interest in mental representation led to the development systems to use visualisation as a tool for government organizations, military, and NASA. Later on, in the 80’s what was then called, visual motor rehearsal contributed immensely to the Olympics.

If you still in doubt of the validity and power of N.V.L.S.E, if you are philosophical or scientifically demanding, may I invite you to visit the following literature and authors on mental imaging and representations.

References
Descartes R. (1664) L’Homme. (English translation by Hall TS. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1972.)
Fodor JA (1975) The Language of Thought. New York: Crowell.
Ryle G (1949) The Concept of Mind. London: Hutchinson.
Kosslyn SM (1980) Image and Mind. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press

if you are satisfied what has so far been said in this article, wait until my cds and book are completed which is attracting publishers and media attention. so, stay tuned, join my website, or send me an email if you need my mentoring, and friendship. One of the greatest joy for me, is to foster innovation, creativity and empowerment for the wider community. My goal is to touch billion lives.

I believe that with my humble academic achievement, life experience, and philosophy and spiritual understanding, means that I am able to make a difference in you. All I ask you of you is to take action, send me an email, ask me a question, and let me help you overcome your barriers to success.

Andre Zizi is the Founder and Director of ZiziWorld LTd and YourDreamComesTrue Ltd

 

Andre Zizi is a philosopher, qualified teacher, NLP facilitator, trained in the educational psychology. His specialty is in the area of mental toughness and emotional mastery, stress, the psychology and process of business start ups, relationship conflict, how to prevent or overcome an illness and or how to achieve dream goals.

 

 

ZiziWorld MindGym and coaching is the first of its kind in the world

 

http://www.ziziworld.com/

 

Skype ID is: Andre-Zizi

 

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=740CTwVkxi0

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Decoding Male Psychology – What is He Thinking; What Can you do about it?

Posted by admin on September 6th, 2010

Decoding male psychology is so necessary if we want to be successful in the dating world.  What is he thinking?  How can we use that information in order to find romance and commitment?  Are you tired of being alone on Fridays and Saturdays?  Are you looking for your soul mate?  This dating advice can help.  This is an exercise in decoding male psychology.

Sex will attract men.  That is a fact.  But it will attract men who just want to hook up for sex.  Then, when they become bored, they will dump you.  Sex has nothing to do with love, romance, commitment and marriage.  If he is just looking for sex, he is not the man you want as a boyfriend.   It is much wiser to leave sex out of the picture and use something else as the main attraction.  According to male psychology, what could that be?

Your personality will make a guy fall in love with you.

That is right; a pretty face may get his attention, but it will not make him fall in love with you.  When we are successful in decoding male psychology, we see that it is the person that you are within that can make him commit to you.  What kind of person should you be?

Be happy.

Do you use social occasions as an opportunity to discuss at length your depression, anxiety and problems?  Do you then wonder where all the men are?  Being an unhappy person does not attract friends or lovers.  It repels people.  It is so much wiser to be a happy person.  Put on a smile.  When you discuss your problems, keep it very short and then change the subject.  Be a person of positive energy, not negative.

Be intriguing.

Be a person of mystery.  Do not talk too much about yourself.  Do not reveal too much about yourself.  Do not make it a habit of explaining why you do or do not do certain things.  A person of intrigue will get his attention.

Show him some attention.

Let him know that he is welcome in your life.  Talk about the things he enjoys talking about and doing.  Compliment him.  Smile at him.  Ask him questions and then let him talk.  He will enjoy the attention and appreciate you for it.

Do you get the point?  The best dating advice says that you need to be a happy person.  That will attract his attention and make him comfortable.  Show him some attention – this will encourage him to take it to the next level.  Those things work.  You are now an expert in decoding male psychology.

Imagine what if you could make any man adore you, chase you, love you, and commit to you? Click Unforgettable Woman Advice and learn 77 Secrets that 99% of women have never heard. You have got to see this!

This article is contributed by Tina Jones from the Unforgettable Woman Publishing Team. She works together with founder Alexandra Fox and writes dating/relationship articles for women. You can find more about Unforgettable Woman Publishing by visiting their website.

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ADHD: An Overview

Posted by admin on September 6th, 2010

ADHD is neither a “new” mental health problem nor is it a disorder created for the purpose of personal gain or financial profit by pharmaceutical companies, the mental health field, or by the media.  It is a very real behavioral and medical disorder that affects millions of people nationwide.  According to the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), ADHD is one of the most common mental disorders in children and adolescents.  According to research sponsored by NIMH, estimated the number of children with ADHD to be between 3% – 5% of the population.  NIMH also estimates that 4.1 percent of adults have ADHD.  

Although it has taken quite some time for our society to accept ADHD as a bonafide mental health and/or medical disorder, in actuality it is a problem that has been noted in modern literature for at least 200 years.  As early as 1798, ADHD was first described in the medical literature by Dr. Alexander Crichton, who referred to it as “Mental Restlessness.”  A fairy tale of an apparent ADHD youth, “The Story of Fidgety Philip,” was written in 1845 by Dr. Heinrich Hoffman.  In 1922, ADHD was recognized as Post Encephalitic Behavior Disorder.  In 1937 it was discovered that stimulants helped control hyperactivity in children.  In 1957 methylphenidate (Ritalin), became commercially available to treat hyperactive children.

The formal and accepted mental health/behavioral diagnosis of ADHD is relatively recent.  In the early 1960s, ADHD was referred to as “Minimal Brain Dysfunction.”  In 1968, the disorder became known as “Hyperkinetic Reaction of Childhood.”  At this point, emphasis was placed more on the hyperactivity than inattention symptoms.  In 1980, the diagnosis was changed to “ADD–Attention Deficit Disorder, with or without Hyperactivity,” which placed equal emphasis on hyperactivity and inattention.  By 1987, the disorder was renamed Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and was subdivided into four categories (see below).  Since then, ADHD has been considered a medical disorder that results in behavioral problems.

Currently, ADHD is defined by the DSM IV-TR (the accepted diagnostic manual) as one disorder which is subdivided into four categories:

1.  Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Predominantly Inattentive Type–previously known as ADD–is marked by impaired attention and concentration.

2.  Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Predominantly Hyperactive, Impulsive  
Type–formerly known as ADHD–is marked by hyperactivity without inattentiveness.

3.  Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Combined Type–the most common type–
involves all the symptoms: inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity.

4.  Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Not Otherwise Specified. This category
is for the ADHD disorders that include prominent symptoms of inattention or    
hyperactivity-impulsivity, but do not meet the DSM IV-TR criteria for a  
diagnosis.  

To further understand ADHD and its four subcategories, it may be helpful to illustrate hyperactivity, impulsivity, and/or inattention through examples.

Typical hyperactive symptoms in youth include:
• Often “on the go” or acting as if “driven by a motor”
• Feeling restless
• Moving hands and feet nervously or squirming
• Getting up frequently to walk or run around
• Running or climbing excessively when it’s inappropriate
• Having difficulty playing quietly or engaging in quiet leisure activities
• Talking excessively or too fast
• Often leaving seat when staying seated is expected
• Often can’t be involved in social activities quietly

Typical symptoms of impulsivity in youth include:
• Acting rashly or suddenly without thinking first
• Blurting out answers before questions are fully asked
• Having a difficult time awaiting a turn
• Often interrupting others’ conversations or activities
• Poor judgment or decisions in social situations, which result in the child not being accepted by his/her own peer group.

Typical symptoms of inattention in youth include:
• Not paying attention to details or makes careless mistakes
• Having trouble staying focused and being easily distracted
• Appearing not to listen when spoken to
• Often forgetful in daily activities
• Having trouble staying organized, planning ahead, and finishing projects
• Losing or misplacing homework, books, toys, or other items
• Not seeming to listen when directly spoken to  
• Not following instructions and failing to finish activities, schoolwork,
chores or duties in the workplace
• Avoiding or disliking tasks that require ongoing mental effort or
concentration

Of the four ADHD subcategories, Hyperactive-Impulsive Type is the most distinguishable, recognizable, and the easiest to diagnose.  The hyperactive and impulsive symptoms are behaviorally manifested in the various environments in which a child interacts: i.e., at home, with friends, at school, and/or during extracurricular or athletic activities.  Because of the hyperactive and impulsive traits of this subcategory, these children naturally arouse the attention (often negative) of those around them.   Compared to children without ADHD, they are more difficult to instruct, teach, coach, and with whom to communicate.  Additionally, they are prone to be disruptive, seemingly oppositional, reckless, accident prone, and are socially underdeveloped.  

Parents of ADHD youth often report frustration, anger, and emotional depletion because of their child’s inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity.  By the time they receive professional services many parents of ADHD children describe complex feelings of anger, fear, desperation, and guilt.  Their multiple “failures” at trying to get their children to focus, pay attention, and to follow through with directions, responsibilities, and assignments have resulted in feelings of hopelessness and desperation. These parents often report feeling guilty over their resentment, loss of patience, and reactive discipline style.  Both psychotherapists and psychiatrists have worked with parents of ADHD youth who “joke” by saying “if someone doesn’t help my child, give me some medication!”

The following statistics (Dr. Russel Barkley and Dr. Tim Willens) illustrate the far reaching implications of ADHD in youth.   
• ADHD has a childhood rate of occurrence of 6-8%, with the illness continuing   
into adolescence for 75% of the patients, and with 50% of cases persisting into  
adulthood.
• Boys are diagnosed with ADHD 3 times more often than girls.
• Emotional development in children with ADHD is 30% slower than in their non-ADHD peers.
• 65% of children with ADHD exhibit problems in defiance or problems with authority figures. This can include verbal hostility and temper tantrums.
• Teenagers with ADHD have almost four times as many traffic citations as non ADD/ADHD drivers. They have four times as many car accidents and are seven times more likely to have a second accident.
• 21% of teens with ADHD skip school on a regular basis, and 35% drop out of school before finishing high school.
• 45% of children with ADHD have been suspended from school at least once.
• 30% of children with ADHD have repeated a year of school.
• Youth treated with medication have a six fold less chance of developing a substance abuse disorder through adolescence.
• The juvenile justice system is composed of 75% of kids with undiagnosed learning disabilities, including ADHD.

ADHD is a genetically transmitted disorder.  Research funded by the National Institute of Medical Health (NIMH) and the U.S. Public Health Service (PHS) have shown clear evidence that ADHD runs in families.  According to recent research, over 25% of first-degree relatives of the families of ADHD children also have ADHD.  Other research indicates that 80% of adults with ADHD have at least one child with ADHD and 52% have two or more children with ADHD.  The hereditary link of ADHD has important treatment implications because other children in a family may also have ADHD.  Moreover, there is a distinct possibility that the parents also may have ADHD.  Of course, matters get complicated when parents with undiagnosed ADHD have problems with their ADHD child. Therefore, it is crucial to evaluate a family occurrence of ADHD, when assessing an ADHD in youth.

Diagnosing Attention Deficit Disorder Inattentive Type in youth is no easy task.  More harm than good is done when a person is incorrectly diagnosed.  A wrong diagnosis may lead to unnecessary treatment, i.e., a prescription for ADHD medication and/or unnecessary psychological, behavioral and/or educational services.  Unnecessary treatment like ADHD medication may be emotionally and physically harmful.  Conversely, when an individual is correctly diagnosed and subsequently treated for ADHD, the potential for dramatic life changes are limitless.  

Psychologists, Clinical Social Workers, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselors, Neurologists, Psychiatrists, and Pediatricians/Family Physicians can diagnose ADHD. Only physicians (M.D. or D.O.), nurse practitioners, and physician assistants (P.A.) under the supervision of a physician can prescribe medication.  However, psychiatrists, because of their training and expertise in mental health disorders, are the best qualified to prescribe ADHD medication.

While the ADHD Hyperactive Type youth are easily noticed, those with ADHD Inattentive Type are prone to be misdiagnosed or, worse, do not even get noticed.   Moreover, ADHD Inattentive Type youth are often mislabeled, misunderstood, and even blamed for a disorder over which they have no control.  Because ADHD Inattentive Type manifests more internally and less behaviorally, these youth are not as frequently flagged by potential treatment providers.  Therefore, these youth often do not receive potentially life-enhancing treatment, i.e., psychotherapy, school counseling/coaching, educational services, and/or medical/psychiatric services.  Unfortunately, many “fall between the cracks” of the social service, mental health, juvenile justice, and educational systems.  

Youth with unrecognized and untreated ADHD may develop into adults with poor self concepts low self esteem, associated emotional, educational, and employment problems.  According to reliable statistics, adults with unrecognized and/or untreated ADHD are more prone to develop alcohol and drug problems.   It is common for adolescents and adults with ADHD to attempt to soothe or “self medicate” themselves by using addictive substances such as alcohol, marijuana, narcotics, tranquilizers, nicotine, cocaine and illegally prescribed or street amphetamines (stimulants).    

There is no “cure” for ADHD. Children with the disorder seldom outgrow it.
Approximately 60% of people who had ADHD symptoms as a child continue to have symptoms as adults. And only 1 in 4 of adults with ADHD was diagnosed in childhood—and even fewer are treated.  Thanks to increased public awareness and the pharmaceutical corporations’ marketing of their medications, more adults are now seeking help for ADHD.  However, many of these adults who were not treated as children, carry emotional, educational, personal, and occupational “scars.”   As children, these individuals, did not feel “as smart, successful and/or likable” as their non ADHD counterparts.  With no one to explain why they struggled at home, with friends, and in school, they naturally turned inward to explain their deficiencies.  Eventually they internalize the negative messages about themselves, thereby creating fewer opportunities for success as adults.          

Similarly to youths, adults with ADHD have serious problems with concentration or paying attention, or are overactive (hyperactive) in one or more areas of living. Some of the most common problems include:
• Problems with jobs or careers; losing or quitting jobs frequently
• Problems doing as well as you should at work or in school
• Problems with day-to-day tasks such as doing household chores, paying bills, and organizing things
• Problems with relationships because you forget important things, can’t finish tasks, or get upset over little things
• Ongoing stress and worry because you don’t meet goals and responsibilities
• Ongoing, strong feelings of frustration, guilt, or blame

According to Adult ADHD research:  
• ADHD may affect 30% of people who had ADHD in childhood.
• ADHD does not develop in adulthood. Only those who have had the disorder since early childhood really suffer from ADHD.
• A key criterion of ADHD in adults is “disinhibition”–the inability to stop acting on impulse. Hyperactivity is much less likely to be a symptom of the disorder in adulthood.
• Adults with ADHD tend to forget appointments and are frequently socially
inappropriate–making rude or insulting remarks–and are disorganized.  
• They find prioritizing difficult.
• Adults with ADHD find it difficult to form lasting relationships.
• Adults with ADHD have problems with short-term memory.
• Almost all people with ADHD suffer other psychological problems-particularly depression and substance abuse.

While there is not a consensus as to the cause of ADHD, there is a general agreement within the medical and mental health communities that it is biological in nature. Some common explanations for ADHD include: chemical imbalance in the brain, nutritional deficiencies, early head trauma/brain injury, or impediments to normal brain development (i.e. the use of cigarettes and alcohol during pregnancy).  ADHD may also be caused by brain dysfunction or neurological impairment.   Dysfunction in the areas in the frontal lobes, basal ganglia, and cerebellum may negatively impact regulation of behavior, inhibition, short-term memory, planning, self-monitoring, verbal regulation, motor control, and emotional regulation.  

Because successful treatment of this disorder can have profound positive emotional, social, and family outcomes, an accurate diagnosis is tremendously important.  Requirements to diagnose ADHD include: professional education (graduate and post graduate), ongoing training, supervision, experience, and licensure.  Even with the essential professional qualifications, collaboration and input from current or former psychotherapists, parents, teachers, school staff, medical practitioners and/or psychiatrists creates more reliable and accurate diagnoses.  The value of collaboration cannot be understated.      

Sound ethical practice compels clinicians to provide the least restrictive and least risky form of therapy/treatment to youth with ADHD. Medication or intensive psycho-therapeutic services should only be provided when the client would not favorably respond to less invasive treatment approaches. Therefore, it is crucial to determine whether “functional impairment” is or is not present. Clients who are functionally impaired will fail to be successful in their environment without specialized assistance, services, and/or psycho-therapeutic or medical treatment.  Once functional impairment is established, then it is the job of the treatment team to collaborate on the most effective method of treatment.    

All too often, a person is mistakenly diagnosed with ADHD, not due to attention deficit issues, but rather because of their unique personality, learning style, emotional make-up, energy and activity levels, and other psycho-social factors that better explain their problematic behaviors.  A misdiagnosis could also be related to other mental or emotional conditions (discussed next), a life circumstance including a parent’s unemployment, divorce, family dysfunction, or medical conditions.  In a small but significant number of cases, this diagnosis of ADHD better represents an adult’s need to manage a challenging, willful and oppositional child, who even with these problems may not have ADHD.    

It is critical that before an ADHD diagnosis is reached (especially before medication is prescribed), that a clinician consider if other coexisting mental or medical disorders may be responsible for the hyperactive, impulsive, and/or inattentive symptoms.  Because other disorders share similar symptoms with ADHD, it is necessary to consider the  probability of one mental/psychological disorder over that of another that could possibly account for a client’s symptoms.  For example, Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Major Depression share the symptoms of disorganization, lack of concentration, and work completion issues. A trained and qualified ADHD specialist will consider differential diagnoses in order to arrive at the most logical and clinically sound diagnosis.  Typical disorders to be ruled out include: Generalized Anxiety, Major Depression, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, and Substance Abuse Disorders.  Additionally, medical explanations should be similarly sought: sleep disorders, nutritional deficiencies, hearing impairment, and others.  

When a non-medical practitioner formally diagnoses a client with ADHD, i.e. a licensed psychotherapist, it is recommended that a second opinion (or confirmation of the diagnosis) be sought from a psychiatrist.  Psychiatrists are medical practitioners who specialize in the medical side of mental disorders.  Psychiatrists are able to prescribe medicine that may be necessary to treat ADHD.  In collaboration, the parents, school personnel, the referring psychotherapist, and the psychiatrist, will monitor the effectiveness of the medical component of the ADHD treatment.  

In summary, ADHD is a mental health and medical disorder that has become increasingly more accepted and consequently treated more effectively.  To achieve high professional assessment, diagnostic, educational, and treatment standards, it is important that trained and qualified practitioners understands the multidimensional aspects of ADHD: history, diagnosis, statistics, etiology, and treatment. Training, experience, a keen interest for details, a solid foundation of information, and a system of collaboration creates the potential for positive outcomes in the treatment of ADHD.

References
1.  Genetic factors, not necessarily sex of child, influence ADHD by Jim Dryden    
http://record.wustl.edu/archive/1999/04-15-99/articles/ADHD.html
2.  What are the risk factors and causes of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity    
Disorder
http://www.adhdissues.com/ms/guides/adhd_risk_factors/main.html
3.  What Causes ADHD?
http://add.about.com/od/adhdthebasics/a/causes.htm
4.  History of ADHD by Keith Londrie
http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Keith_Londrie
5.  Taking Charge of ADHD, Dr. Russell Barkley
http://www.healthcentral.com/adhd/c/1443/13716/addadhd-statistics/
6.  ADHD Facts by Dr. B, Murray, Ph.D.
http://www.upliftprogram.com/bob_murray.html
7.  Cause ADHD
http://www.myadhd.com/causesofadhd.html
8.  ADHD.org.nz (New Zealand ADHD Support GroupP
http://www.adhd.org.nz/cause1.html
9.   Understanding the Causes of ADHD  Keath Low, About.com
http://add.about.com/od/adhdthebasics/a/causes.htm
10.  Interventions for ADHD: Treatment in Developmental Context  By Phyllis Anne Teeter 1988
11.  Diagnosis of AD/HD in Adults
National Resource Center on AD/HD Children and Adults with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
http://www.help4adhd.org/en/treatment/guides/WWK9S
12. Kessler RC, Chiu WT, Demler O, Walters EE. Prevalence, severity, and comorbidity of twelve-month DSM-IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R). Archives of General Psychiatry, 2005 Jun;62(6):617-27.
13.   The Numbers Count: Mental Disorders in America
The National Institute of Mental Health Website  
http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/the-numbers-count-mental-disorders-in-america/index.shtml#KesslerPrevalence
14.  Historical Development of ADHD Margaret Austin, Ph.D., Natalie Staats Reiss, Ph.D., and Laura Burgdorf, Ph.D.
http://resources.atcmhmr.com/poc/view_doc.php?type=doc&id=13848
15.  ADHD, Alcoholism and Other Addictions by Wendy Richardson, M.A., LMFCC
Soquel, CA—1998
http://www.addresources.org/article_adhd_addictions_richardson.php<b></b>
16.   National Institutes of Neurological Disorders and Stroke   
NINDS Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder Information Page
http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/adhd/adhd.htm

Ross A. Rosenberg, M.Ed. L.C.P.C.
Psychotherapist
Arbor Counseling Center
(847) 913-0393 ext 122
Rossr61@comcast.net
www.rossrosenbergtherapist.com

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